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Empirical Bayes single-comparison procedure

1 July 2016

D. R. Bickel, “Small-scale inference: Empirical Bayes and confidence methods for as few as a single comparison,” International Statistical Review 82, 457-476 (2014). Published version2011 preprint | Simple explanation (link added 21 June 2017)

Parametric empirical Bayes methods of estimating the local false discovery rate by maximum likelihood apply not only to the large-scale settings for which they were developed, but, with a simple modification, also to small numbers of comparisons. In fact, data for a single comparison are sufficient under broad conditions, as seen from applications to measurements of the abundance levels of 20 proteins and from simulation studies with confidence-based inference as the competitor.